Masol 1
Basic information
Sample name: Masol 1
Reference: A.-M. Moigne, A. Dambricourt Malassé, M. Singh, A. Kaur, C. Gaillard, B. Karir, S. Pal, V. Bhardwaj, S. Abdessadok, C. Chapon Sao, J. Gargani, and A. Tudryn. 2016. The faunal assemblage of the paleonto-archeological localities of the Late Pliocene Quranwala Zone, Masol Formation, Siwalik Range, NW India. Comptes Rendus Palevol 15(3-4):359-378 [ER 4409]
Geography
Country: India
State: Punajb
Coordinate: 30.83° N, 76.84° E
Coordinate basis: estimated from map
Scale: outcrop
Formation: Masol
Time interval: Late Pliocene
Section: Masol
Unit number: 1
Unit order: below to above
Geography comments: the Masol site location is easily matched from Fig. 1B to satellite photos
"from the Quaranwala zone, dated to Latest Pliocene"
"The base of the fossiliferous Quranwala zone has been defined at Masol 1" and the site is one of several "in units c3 (members E-D), s3 and s4" so this is below Masol 6
"from the Quaranwala zone, dated to Latest Pliocene"
"The base of the fossiliferous Quranwala zone has been defined at Masol 1" and the site is one of several "in units c3 (members E-D), s3 and s4" so this is below Masol 6
Environment
Lithology: siliciclastic (mixed)
Taphonomic context: overbank deposit
Habitat comments: "pink and orange silts (members E–D of c3 unit), covered by fine grey sandstone and micaceous sandstone (s3 unit), overlaid by thick coarse sandstone with crossing beddings (s4 unit)"
the sedimentology indicates that the fauna was "exposed to the seasonal monsoon" with "fast and powerful flooding"
"One bovid tibia with cut marks has been recorded"
across the formation, "No bones have been recorded in anatomical connection... some bones show different types of traces on their surfaces, which can be attributed to biological alterations, teeth marks and possible trampling"
the sedimentology indicates that the fauna was "exposed to the seasonal monsoon" with "fast and powerful flooding"
"One bovid tibia with cut marks has been recorded"
across the formation, "No bones have been recorded in anatomical connection... some bones show different types of traces on their surfaces, which can be attributed to biological alterations, teeth marks and possible trampling"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,lizards,turtles,other reptiles,fishes
Sample size: 167 specimens
Museum: Panjab University
Sampling comments: the Masol area was sampled from 2008 - 2015
collecting methods are not discussed
collecting methods are not discussed
Metadata
Sample number: 4688
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Modifier no: John Alroy
Created: 2025-08-30 12:04:07
Modified: 2025-08-30 12:46:22
Abundance distribution
18 species
7 singletons
total count 167
geometric series index: 34.4
Fisher's α: 5.121
geometric series k: 0.8049
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8655
Shannon's H: 2.2805
Good's u: 0.9582
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Crocuta sp. | 1 | |
| †Stegodon insignis | 12 | |
| †Hexaprotodon sivalensis | 26 | |
| Bubalus sp. | 2 | |
| Duboisia sp. | 1 | |
| Hemibos sp. | 15 | |
| Hippotragus sp. | 6 | |
| Sivacapra sp. | 3 | |
| †Camelus sivalensis | 1 | |
| Cervidae indet. | 1 | |
| "Axis like" | ||
| Cervus punjabiensis = †Metacervocerus punjabiensis | 7 | |
| †Sus brachygnathus | 1 | |
| Colossochelys sp. | 40 | |
| Geoclemys sp. | 27 | |
| plus 60 "turtles" | ||
| Varanus sp. | 9 | |
| Gavialis sp. | 1 | |
| Crocodylus sp. | 13 | |
| "Crocodylus punjabensis": this appears to be a lapsus and is certainly a nomen nudum, the correct name possibly being Crocodylus palustris | ||
| Osteichthyes indet. | 1 | |
| "Pesces" | ||